1 | # Extended globs are an OPTION in bash, but not mksh (because the feature
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2 | # originated in ksh).
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3 | #
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4 | # However all extended globs are syntax errors if shopt -s extglob isn't set.
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5 | # In Oil, they are not PARSE TIME errors, but the syntax won't be respected at
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6 | # RUNTIME, i.e. when passed to fnmatch().
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7 | #
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8 | # GNU libc has the FNM_EXTMATCH extension to fnmatch(). (I don't think musl
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9 | # libc has it.) However, this came after all popular shells were implemented!
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10 | # I don't think any shell uses it, but we're taking advantage of it.
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11 | #
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12 | # Extended glob syntax is ugly, but I guess it's handy because it's similar to
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13 | # *.[ch]... but the extensions can be different length: *.@(cc|h)
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14 | # It's also used for negation like
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15 | #
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16 | # cp !(_*) /tmp
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17 | #
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18 | # I tend to use 'find', but this is a shorter syntax.
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19 |
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20 | # From the bash manual:
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21 |
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22 | # "In addition to the traditional globs (supported by all Bourne-family shells)
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23 | # that we've seen so far, Bash (and Korn Shell) offers extended globs, which
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24 | # have the expressive power of regular expressions. Korn shell enables these by
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25 | # default; in Bash, you must run the command "
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26 |
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27 | # ?(pattern-list): Matches empty or one of the patterns
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28 | # *(pattern-list): Matches empty or any number of occurrences of the patterns
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29 | # +(pattern-list): Matches at least one occurrences of the patterns
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30 | # @(pattern-list): Matches exactly one of the patterns
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31 | # !(pattern-list): Matches anything EXCEPT any of the patterns
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32 |
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33 | #### @() matches exactly one of the patterns
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34 | shopt -s extglob
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35 | mkdir -p 0
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36 | cd 0
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37 | touch {foo,bar}.cc {foo,bar,baz}.h
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38 | echo @(*.cc|*.h)
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39 | ## stdout: bar.cc bar.h baz.h foo.cc foo.h
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40 |
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41 | #### ?() matches 0 or 1
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42 | shopt -s extglob
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43 | mkdir -p 1
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44 | cd 1
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45 | touch {foo,bar}.cc {foo,bar,baz}.h foo. foo.hh
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46 | ext=cc
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47 | echo foo.?($ext|h)
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48 | ## stdout: foo. foo.cc foo.h
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49 |
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50 | #### *() matches 0 or more
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51 | shopt -s extglob
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52 | mkdir -p eg1
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53 | touch eg1/_ eg1/_One eg1/_OneOne eg1/_TwoTwo eg1/_OneTwo
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54 | echo eg1/_*(One|Two)
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55 | ## stdout: eg1/_ eg1/_One eg1/_OneOne eg1/_OneTwo eg1/_TwoTwo
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56 |
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57 | #### +() matches 1 or more
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58 | shopt -s extglob
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59 | mkdir -p eg2
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60 | touch eg2/_ eg2/_One eg2/_OneOne eg2/_TwoTwo eg2/_OneTwo
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61 | echo eg2/_+(One|$(echo Two))
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62 | ## stdout: eg2/_One eg2/_OneOne eg2/_OneTwo eg2/_TwoTwo
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63 |
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64 | #### !(*.h|*.cc) to match everything except C++
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65 | shopt -s extglob
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66 | mkdir -p extglob2
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67 | touch extglob2/{foo,bar}.cc extglob2/{foo,bar,baz}.h \
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68 | extglob2/{foo,bar,baz}.py
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69 | echo extglob2/!(*.h|*.cc)
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70 | ## stdout: extglob2/bar.py extglob2/baz.py extglob2/foo.py
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71 |
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72 | #### Two adjacent alternations
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73 | shopt -s extglob
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74 | mkdir -p 2
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75 | touch 2/{aa,ab,ac,ba,bb,bc,ca,cb,cc}
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76 | echo 2/!(b)@(b|c)
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77 | echo 2/!(b)?@(b|c) # wildcard in between
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78 | echo 2/!(b)a@(b|c) # constant in between
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79 | ## STDOUT:
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80 | 2/ab 2/ac 2/cb 2/cc
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81 | 2/ab 2/ac 2/bb 2/bc 2/cb 2/cc
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82 | 2/ab 2/ac
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83 | ## END
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84 |
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85 | #### Nested extended glob pattern
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86 | shopt -s extglob
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87 | mkdir -p eg6
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88 | touch eg6/{ab,ac,ad,az,bc,bd}
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89 | echo eg6/a@(!(c|d))
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90 | echo eg6/a!(@(ab|b*))
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91 | ## STDOUT:
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92 | eg6/ab eg6/az
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93 | eg6/ac eg6/ad eg6/az
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94 | ## END
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95 |
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96 | #### Extended glob patterns with spaces
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97 | shopt -s extglob
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98 | mkdir -p eg4
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99 | touch eg4/a 'eg4/a b' eg4/foo
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100 | argv.py eg4/@(a b|foo)
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101 | ## STDOUT:
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102 | ['eg4/a b', 'eg4/foo']
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103 | ## END
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104 |
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105 | #### Filenames with spaces
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106 | shopt -s extglob
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107 | mkdir -p eg5
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108 | touch eg5/'a b'{cd,de,ef}
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109 | argv.py eg5/'a '@(bcd|bde|zzz)
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110 | ## STDOUT:
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111 | ['eg5/a bcd', 'eg5/a bde']
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112 | ## END
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113 |
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114 | #### nullglob with extended glob
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115 | shopt -s extglob
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116 | mkdir eg6
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117 | argv.py eg6/@(no|matches) # no matches
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118 | shopt -s nullglob # test this too
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119 | argv.py eg6/@(no|matches) # no matches
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120 | ## STDOUT:
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121 | ['eg6/@(no|matches)']
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122 | []
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123 | ## END
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124 | ## BUG mksh STDOUT:
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125 | ['eg6/@(no|matches)']
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126 | ['eg6/@(no|matches)']
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127 | ## END
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128 |
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129 | #### Glob other punctuation chars (lexer mode)
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130 | shopt -s extglob
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131 | mkdir -p eg5
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132 | cd eg5
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133 | touch __{aa,'<>','{}','#','&&'}
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134 | argv.py @(__aa|'__<>'|__{}|__#|__&&|)
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135 |
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136 | # mksh sorts them differently
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137 | ## STDOUT:
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138 | ['__#', '__&&', '__<>', '__aa', '__{}']
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139 | ## END
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140 |
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141 | #### More glob escaping
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142 | shopt -s extglob
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143 | mkdir -p eg7
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144 | cd eg7
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145 | touch '_[:]' '_*' '_?'
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146 | argv.py @('_[:]'|'_*'|'_?')
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147 | argv.py @(nested|'_?'|@('_[:]'|'_*'))
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148 |
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149 | # mksh sorts them differently
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150 | ## STDOUT:
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151 | ['_*', '_?', '_[:]']
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152 | ['_*', '_?', '_[:]']
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153 | ## END
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154 |
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155 | #### Escaping of pipe (glibc bug, see demo/glibc_fnmatch.c)
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156 | shopt -s extglob
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157 | mkdir -p extpipe
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158 | cd extpipe
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159 | touch '__|' foo
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160 | argv.py @('foo'|__\||bar)
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161 | argv.py @('foo'|'__|'|bar)
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162 | ## STDOUT:
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163 | ['__|', 'foo']
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164 | ['__|', 'foo']
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165 | ## END
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166 |
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167 | #### Extended glob as argument to ${undef:-} (dynamic globbing)
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168 |
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169 | # This case popped into my mind after inspecting osh/word_eval.py for calls to
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170 | # _EvalWordToParts()
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171 |
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172 | shopt -s extglob
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173 |
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174 | mkdir -p eg8
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175 | cd eg8
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176 | touch {foo,bar,spam}.py
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177 |
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178 | # regular glob
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179 | echo ${undef:-*.py}
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180 |
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181 | # extended glob
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182 | echo ${undef:-@(foo|bar).py}
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183 |
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184 | ## STDOUT:
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185 | bar.py foo.py spam.py
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186 | bar.py foo.py
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187 | ## END
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188 | ## OK mksh STDOUT:
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189 | bar.py foo.py spam.py
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190 | @(foo|bar).py
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191 | ## END
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192 | ## OK osh status: 1
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193 | ## OK osh STDOUT:
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194 | bar.py foo.py spam.py
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195 | ## END
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196 |
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197 | #### Extended glob in assignment builtin
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198 |
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199 | # Another invocation of _EvalWordToParts() that OSH should handle
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200 |
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201 | shopt -s extglob
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202 | mkdir -p eg9
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203 | cd eg9
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204 | touch {foo,bar}.py
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205 | typeset -@(*.py) myvar
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206 | echo status=$?
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207 | ## STDOUT:
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208 | status=2
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209 | ## END
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210 | ## OK mksh STDOUT:
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211 | status=1
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212 | ## END
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213 | ## OK osh status: 1
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214 | ## OK osh STDOUT:
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215 | ## END
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216 |
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217 | #### Extended glob in same word as array
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218 | shopt -s extglob
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219 | mkdir -p eg10
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220 | cd eg10
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221 |
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222 | touch {'a b c',bee,cee}.{py,cc}
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223 | set -- 'a b' 'c'
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224 |
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225 | argv.py "$@"
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226 |
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227 | # This works!
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228 | argv.py star glob "$*"*.py
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229 | argv.py star extglob "$*"*@(.py|cc)
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230 |
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231 | # Hm this actually still works! the first two parts are literal. And then
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232 | # there's something like the simple_word_eval algorithm on the rest. Gah.
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233 | argv.py at extglob "$@"*@(.py|cc)
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234 |
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235 | ## STDOUT:
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236 | ['a b', 'c']
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237 | ['star', 'glob', 'a b c.py']
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238 | ['star', 'extglob', 'a b c.cc', 'a b c.py']
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239 | ['at', 'extglob', 'a b', 'cee.cc', 'cee.py']
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240 | ## END
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241 | ## N-I osh STDOUT:
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242 | ['a b', 'c']
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243 | ['star', 'glob', 'a b c.py']
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244 | ['star', 'extglob', 'a b c.cc', 'a b c.py']
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245 | ## END
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246 | ## N-I osh status: 1
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247 |
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248 | #### Extended glob with word splitting
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249 | shopt -s extglob
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250 | mkdir -p 3
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251 | cd 3
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252 |
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253 | x='a b'
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254 | touch bar.{cc,h}
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255 |
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256 | # OSH may disallow splitting when there's an extended glob
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257 | argv.py $x*.@(cc|h)
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258 |
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259 | ## STDOUT:
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260 | ['a', 'bar.cc', 'bar.h']
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261 | ## END
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262 | ## N-I osh STDOUT:
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263 | ['a b*.@(cc|h)']
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264 | ## END
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265 |
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266 | #### In Array Literal and for loop
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267 | shopt -s extglob
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268 | mkdir -p eg11
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269 | cd eg11
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270 | touch {foo,bar,spam}.py
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271 | for x in @(fo*|bar).py; do
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272 | echo $x
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273 | done
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274 |
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275 | echo ---
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276 | declare -a A
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277 | A=(zzz @(fo*|bar).py)
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278 | echo "${A[@]}"
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279 | ## STDOUT:
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280 | bar.py
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281 | foo.py
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282 | ---
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283 | zzz bar.py foo.py
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284 | ## END
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285 |
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286 | #### No extended glob with simple_word_eval (Oil evaluation)
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287 | shopt -s oil:all
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288 | shopt -s extglob
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289 | mkdir -p eg12
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290 | cd eg12
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291 | touch {foo,bar,spam}.py
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292 | builtin write -- x@(fo*|bar).py
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293 | builtin write -- @(fo*|bar).py
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294 | ## status: 1
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295 | ## STDOUT:
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296 | ## END
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297 |
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298 | #### no match
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299 | shopt -s extglob
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300 | echo @(__nope__)
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301 |
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302 | # OSH has glob quoting here
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303 | echo @(__nope__*|__nope__?|'*'|'?'|'[:alpha:]'|'|')
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304 |
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305 | if test $SH != osh; then
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306 | exit
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307 | fi
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308 |
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309 | # OSH has this alias for @()
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310 | echo ,(osh|style)
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311 |
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312 | ## STDOUT:
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313 | @(__nope__)
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314 | @(__nope__*|__nope__?|*|?|[:alpha:]||)
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315 | ## END
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316 |
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317 | #### dashglob
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318 | shopt -s extglob
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319 | mkdir -p opts
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320 | cd opts
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321 |
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322 | touch -- foo bar -dash
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323 | echo @(*)
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324 |
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325 | shopt -u dashglob
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326 | echo @(*)
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327 |
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328 |
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329 | ## STDOUT:
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330 | -dash bar foo
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331 | bar foo
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332 | ## END
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333 | ## N-I bash/mksh STDOUT:
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334 | -dash bar foo
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335 | -dash bar foo
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336 | ## END
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337 |
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338 | #### noglob
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339 | shopt -s extglob
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340 | mkdir -p _noglob
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341 | cd _noglob
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342 |
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343 | set -o noglob
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344 | echo @(*)
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345 | echo @(__nope__*|__nope__?|'*'|'?'|'[:alpha:]'|'|')
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346 |
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347 | ## STDOUT:
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348 | @(*)
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349 | @(__nope__*|__nope__?|*|?|[:alpha:]||)
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350 | ## END
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351 |
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352 | #### failglob
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353 | shopt -s extglob
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354 |
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355 | rm -f _failglob/*
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356 | mkdir -p _failglob
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357 | cd _failglob
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358 |
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359 | shopt -s failglob
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360 | echo @(*)
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361 | echo status=$?
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362 |
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363 | touch foo
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364 | echo @(*)
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365 | echo status=$?
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366 |
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367 | ## STDOUT:
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368 | status=1
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369 | foo
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370 | status=0
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371 | ## END
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372 | ## N-I mksh STDOUT:
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373 | @(*)
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374 | status=0
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375 | foo
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376 | status=0
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377 | ## END
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