| 1 | ---
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| 2 | in_progress: yes
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| 3 | css_files: ../../web/base.css ../../web/ref-index.css ../../web/toc.css
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| 4 | preserve_anchor_case: yes
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| 5 | ---
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| 6 |
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| 7 | YSH Table of Contents
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| 8 | =====================
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| 9 |
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| 10 | [YSH]($xref) is shell with familiar syntax, JSON-like data structures, and
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| 11 | more. It handles errors properly.
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| 12 |
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| 13 | This page has links to topics in the [Oils Reference](index.html).
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| 14 |
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| 15 | Siblings: [OSH Topics](toc-osh.html), [Data Topics](toc-data.html)
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <div id="toc">
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| 18 | </div>
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| 19 |
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <h2 id="front-end">
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| 22 | Front End (<a class="group-link" href="chap-front-end.html">front-end</a>)
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| 23 | </h2>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | ```chapter-links-front-end
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| 26 | [Usage] bundle-usage ysh-usage
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| 27 | [YSH Lexing] doc-comment ### multiline-command ...
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| 28 | [Tools] cat-em
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| 29 | ```
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <h2 id="cmd-lang">
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| 32 | Command Language (<a class="group-link" href="chap-cmd-lang.html">cmd-lang</a>)
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| 33 | </h2>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | ```chapter-links-cmd-lang
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| 36 | [YSH Simple] typed-arg json write (x)
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| 37 | lazy-expr-arg assert [42 === x]
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| 38 | block-arg cd /tmp { echo $PWD }
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| 39 | [YSH Assign] const var setvar setglobal
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| 40 | [YSH Expr] equal = = 1 + 2*3
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| 41 | call call mylist->append(42)
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| 42 | [YSH Code] proc-def proc p (out Ref; pos, ...rest; n=0; b Block) {
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| 43 | func-def func f(x; opt1, opt2) { return (x + 1) }
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| 44 | ysh-return return (myexpr)
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| 45 | [YSH Cond] ysh-case case (x) { *.py { echo 'python' } }
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| 46 | ysh-if if (x > 0) { echo }
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| 47 | [YSH Iter] ysh-while while (x > 0) { echo }
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| 48 | ysh-for for i, item in (mylist) { echo }
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| 49 | ```
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <h2 id="expr-lang">
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| 52 | Expression Language and Assignments (<a class="group-link" href="chap-expr-lang.html">expr-lang</a>)
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| 53 | </h2>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | ```chapter-links-expr-lang
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| 56 | [Assign Ops] = += -= *= /= **= //= %=
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| 57 | &= |= ^= <<= >>=
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| 58 | [Literals] bool-literal true false null
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| 59 | int-literal 42 65_536 0xFF 0o755 0b10
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| 60 | float-lit 3.14 1.5e-10
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| 61 | X num-suffix 42 K Ki M Mi G Gi T Ti / ms us
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| 62 | rune-literal #'a' #'_' \n \\ \u{3bc}
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| 63 | ysh-string "$x" r'[a-z]\n' u'line\n' b'byte \yff'
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| 64 | triple-quoted """ r''' u''' b'''
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| 65 | str-template ^"$a and $b" for Str::replace()
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| 66 | list-literal ['one', 'two', 3] :| unquoted words |
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| 67 | dict-literal {name: 'bob'}
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| 68 | range 1 .. n+1
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| 69 | block-literal ^(echo $PWD)
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| 70 | expr-lit ^[1 + 2*3]
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| 71 | X to-string $[myobj]
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| 72 | X to-array @[myobj]
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| 73 | [Operators] concat s1 ++ s2, L1 ++ L2
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| 74 | ysh-equals === !== ~== is, is not, in, not in
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| 75 | ysh-compare < <= > >= (numbers only)
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| 76 | ysh-logical not and or
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| 77 | ysh-arith + - * / // % **
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| 78 | ysh-bitwise ~ & | ^ << >>
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| 79 | ysh-ternary '+' if x >= 0 else '-'
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| 80 | ysh-index a[3] s[3]
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| 81 | ysh-attr mydict.key
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| 82 | ysh-slice a[1:-1] s[1:-1]
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| 83 | func-call f(x, y)
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| 84 | thin-arrow mylist->pop()
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| 85 | fat-arrow mystr => startsWith('prefix')
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| 86 | match-ops ~ !~ ~~ !~~
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| 87 | [Eggex] re-literal / d+ ; re-flags ; ERE /
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| 88 | re-primitive %zero 'sq'
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| 89 | class-literal [c a-z 'abc' @str_var \\ \xFF \u0100]
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| 90 | named-class dot digit space word d s w
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| 91 | re-repeat d? d* d+ d{3} d{2,4}
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| 92 | re-compound seq1 seq2 alt1|alt2 (expr1 expr2)
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| 93 | re-capture <capture d+ as name: int>
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| 94 | re-splice Subpattern @subpattern
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| 95 | re-flags reg_icase reg_newline
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| 96 | X re-multiline ///
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| 97 | ```
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <h2 id="word-lang">
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| 100 | Word Language (<a class="group-link" href="chap-word-lang.html">word-lang</a>)
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| 101 | </h2>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | ```chapter-links-word-lang
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| 104 | [Quotes] ysh-string "$x" r'[a-z]\n' u'line\n' b'byte \yff'
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| 105 | triple-quoted """ r''' u''' b'''
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| 106 | X tagged-str "<span id=$x>"html
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| 107 | [Expression] expr-sub echo $[42 + a[i]]
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| 108 | expr-splice echo @[split(x)]
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| 109 | var-splice @myarray @ARGV
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| 110 | [Formatting] X ysh-printf ${x %.3f}
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| 111 | X ysh-format ${x|html}
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| 112 | ```
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <h2 id="builtin-cmd">
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| 115 | Builtin Commands (<a class="group-link" href="chap-builtin-cmd">builtin-cmd</a>)
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| 116 | </h2>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | ```chapter-links-builtin-cmd
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| 119 | [Memory] append Add elements to end of array
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| 120 | pp asdl cell X gc-stats line proc
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| 121 | [Handle Errors] try Run with errexit, set _status _error
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| 122 | boolstatus Enforce 0 or 1 exit status
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| 123 | error error 'failed' (status=2)
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| 124 | [Shell State] ysh-cd ysh-shopt compatible, and takes a block
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| 125 | shvar Temporary modify global settings
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| 126 | ctx Share and update a temporary "context"
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| 127 | push-registers Save registers like $?, PIPESTATUS
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| 128 | [Modules] runproc Run a proc; use as main entry point
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| 129 | module guard against duplicate 'source'
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| 130 | is-main false when sourcing a file
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| 131 | use change first word lookup
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| 132 | [I/O] ysh-read flags --all, -0
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| 133 | ysh-echo no -e -n with simple_echo
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| 134 | write Like echo, with --, --sep, --end
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| 135 | fork forkwait Replace & and (), and takes a block
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| 136 | fopen Open multiple streams, takes a block
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| 137 | X dbg Only thing that can be used in funcs
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| 138 | X log X die common functions (polyfill)
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| 139 | [Hay Config] hay haynode For DSLs and config files
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| 140 | [Completion] compadjust compexport
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| 141 | [Data Formats] json read write
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| 142 | json8 read write
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| 143 | X packle read write, Graph-shaped
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| 144 | X [TSV8] rows pick rows; dplyr filter()
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| 145 | cols pick columns ('select' already taken)
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| 146 | group-by add a column with a group ID [ext]
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| 147 | sort-by sort by columns; dplyr arrange() [ext]
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| 148 | summary count, sum, histogram, etc. [ext]
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| 149 | [Args Parser] parser Parse command line arguments
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| 150 | flag
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| 151 | arg
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| 152 | rest
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| 153 | parseArgs()
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| 154 | X [Testing] describe Test harness
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| 155 | assert takes an expression
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| 156 | X [External Lang] BEGIN END when (awk)
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| 157 | rule (make) each (xargs) fs (find)
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| 158 | ```
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <h2 id="option">
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| 161 | Shell Options (<a class="group-link" href="chap-option.html">option</a>)
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| 162 | </h2>
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| 163 |
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| 164 | ```chapter-links-option
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| 165 | [Option Groups] strict:all ysh:upgrade ysh:all
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| 166 | [Strictness] ... More Runtime Errors
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| 167 | strict_argv No empty argv
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| 168 | strict_arith Fatal parse errors (on by default)
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| 169 | strict_array Arrays don't decay to strings
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| 170 | strict_control_flow Disallow misplaced keyword, empty arg
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| 171 | strict_errexit Disallow code that ignores failure
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| 172 | strict_nameref trap invalid variable names
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| 173 | strict_word_eval Expose unicode and slicing errors
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| 174 | strict_tilde Tilde subst can result in error
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| 175 | X strict_glob Parse the sublanguage more strictly
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| 176 | [YSH Upgrade] ... Migrate Existing Code to YSH
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| 177 | parse_at echo @array @[arrayfunc(x, y)]
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| 178 | parse_brace if true { ... }; cd ~/src { ... }
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| 179 | parse_equals x = 'val' in Caps { } config blocks
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| 180 | parse_paren if (x > 0) ...
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| 181 | parse_proc proc p { ... }
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| 182 | parse_triple_quote """$x""" '''x''' (command mode)
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| 183 | parse_ysh_string echo r'\' u'\\' b'\\' (command mode)
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| 184 | command_sub_errexit Synchronous errexit check
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| 185 | process_sub_fail Analogous to pipefail for process subs
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| 186 | sigpipe_status_ok status 141 -> 0 in pipelines
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| 187 | simple_word_eval No splitting, static globbing
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| 188 | xtrace_rich Hierarchical and process tracing
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| 189 | xtrace_details (-u) Disable most tracing with +
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| 190 | dashglob (-u) Disabled to avoid files like -rf
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| 191 | expand_aliases (-u) Whether aliases are expanded
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| 192 | redefine_proc (-u) Can procs be redefined?
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| 193 | [Interactive] redefine_module 'module' builtin always returns 0
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| 194 | X redefine_const Can consts be redefined?
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| 195 | [Simplicity] ... More Consistent Style
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| 196 | simple_echo echo doesn't accept flags -e -n
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| 197 | simple_eval_builtin eval takes exactly 1 argument
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| 198 | simple_test_builtin 3 args or fewer; use test not [
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| 199 | X simple_trap Function name only
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| 200 | [YSH Breaking] ... The Full YSH Language
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| 201 | parse_at_all @ starting any word is an operator
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| 202 | parse_backslash (-u) Allow bad backslashes in "" and $''
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| 203 | parse_backticks (-u) Allow legacy syntax `echo hi`
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| 204 | parse_bare_word (-u) 'case unquoted' and 'for x in unquoted'
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| 205 | parse_dollar (-u) Allow bare $ to mean \$ (maybe $/d+/)
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| 206 | parse_dparen (-u) Is (( legacy arithmetic allowed?
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| 207 | parse_ignored (-u) Parse, but ignore, certain redirects
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| 208 | parse_sh_arith (-u) Allow legacy shell arithmetic
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| 209 | X copy_env (-u) Use $[ENV.PYTHONPATH] when false
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| 210 | X old_builtins (-u) local/declare/etc. pushd/popd/dirs
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| 211 | ... source unset printf [un]alias
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| 212 | ... getopts
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| 213 | X old_syntax (-u) [[ $(( )) ( ) ${x%prefix}
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| 214 | ${a[@]} $$
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| 215 | [Compatibility] eval_unsafe_arith Allow dynamically parsed a[$(echo 42)]
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| 216 | verbose_errexit Whether to print detailed errors
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| 217 | [More Options] _allow_command_sub To implement strict_errexit, eval_unsafe_arith
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| 218 | _allow_process_sub To implement strict_errexit
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| 219 | dynamic_scope To implement 'proc'
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| 220 | _no_debug_trap Used in pipelines in job control shell
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| 221 | ```
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| 222 |
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| 223 | <h2 id="special-var">
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| 224 | Special Variables (<a class="group-link" href="chap-special-var.html">special-var</a>)
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| 225 | </h2>
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| 226 |
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| 227 | ```chapter-links-special-var
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| 228 | [YSH Vars] ARGV X ENV X _ESCAPE
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| 229 | _this_dir
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| 230 | [YSH Status] _status _error
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| 231 | _pipeline_status _process_sub_status
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| 232 | [YSH Tracing] SHX_indent SHX_punct SHX_pid_str
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| 233 | [YSH read] _reply
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| 234 | [History] YSH_HISTFILE
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| 235 | [Oils VM] OILS_VERSION
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| 236 | OILS_GC_THRESHOLD OILS_GC_ON_EXIT
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| 237 | OILS_GC_STATS OILS_GC_STATS_FD
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| 238 | X [Wok] _filename _line
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| 239 | X [Builtin Sub] _buffer
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| 240 | ```
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <h2 id="type-method">
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| 243 | Builtin Types and Methods (<a class="group-link" href="chap-type-method.html">type-method</a>)
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| 244 | </h2>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | ```chapter-links-type-method
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| 247 | [Primitive] Bool Int Float Str Slice Range
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| 248 | [Str] X find(eggex) replace()
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| 249 | trim() trimStart() trimEnd()
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| 250 | startsWith() endsWith()
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| 251 | upper() lower() # ascii or unicode
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| 252 | search() leftMatch()
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| 253 | [Match] group() start() end()
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| 254 | X groups() X groupDict()
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| 255 | [List] append() pop() extend() indexOf()
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| 256 | X insert() X remove() reverse()
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| 257 | [Dict] keys() values() X get() X erase()
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| 258 | X inc() X accum()
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| 259 | X [Func] name() location() toJson()
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| 260 | X [Proc] name() location() toJson()
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| 261 | X [Module] name() filename()
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| 262 | [Place] setValue()
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| 263 | [IO] X eval() X captureStdout()
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| 264 | promptVal()
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| 265 | X time() X strftime()
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| 266 | X glob()
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| 267 | [Quotation] Expr X Template Command
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| 268 | [Code] BuiltinFunc BuiltinMethod
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| 269 | X [Guts] heapId()
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| 270 | ```
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| 271 |
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| 272 | <h2 id="builtin-func">
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| 273 | Builtin Functions (<a class="group-link" href="chap-builtin-func.html">builtin-func</a>)
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| 274 | </h2>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | ```chapter-links-builtin-func
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| 277 | [Values] len() type() X repeat()
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| 278 | [Conversions] bool() int() float() str() list() dict()
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| 279 | X chr() X ord() X runes()
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| 280 | X [Str] strcmp() X split() shSplit()
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| 281 | [List] join() any() all()
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| 282 | [Collections] X copy() X deepCopy()
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| 283 | [Word] glob() maybe()
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| 284 | [Math] abs() max() min() X round() sum()
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| 285 | [Serialize] toJson() fromJson()
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| 286 | toJson8() fromJson8()
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| 287 | X [J8 Decode] J8.Bool() J8.Int() ...
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| 288 | X [Codecs] quoteUrl() quoteHtml() quoteSh() quoteC()
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| 289 | quoteMake() quoteNinja()
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| 290 | [Pattern] _group() _start() _end()
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| 291 | [Introspection] shvarGet() evalExpr()
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| 292 | [Hay Config] parseHay() evalHay()
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| 293 | X [Wok] _field()
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| 294 | X [Hashing] sha1dc() sha256()
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| 295 | ```
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <h2 id="plugin">
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| 298 | Plugins and Hooks (<a class="group-link" href="chap-plugin.html">plugin</a>)
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| 299 | </h2>
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| 300 |
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| 301 | ```chapter-links-plugin
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| 302 | [YSH] renderPrompt()
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| 303 | ```
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