Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4570 4570 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4633 4633 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4570 4570 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4635 4635 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4635 4635 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4635 4635 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4683 4683 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4683 4683 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4683 4683 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4695 4695 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4584 4584 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4633 4633 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4633 4633 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4635 4635 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4635 4635 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4635 4635 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4585 4585 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4636 4636 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4586 4586 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4642 4642 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4642 4642 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4712 4712 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4579 4579 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4593 4593 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4665 4665 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4649 4649 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4642 4642 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4593 4593 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4642 4642 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4659 4659 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4586 4586 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4705 4705 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4570 4705 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4656 4656 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4656 4656 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4705 4705 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4570 4705 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 369 4705 4705 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4675 4675 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4658 4657 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4659 4659 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4708 4707 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4657 4657 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4657 4657 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4658 4658 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4585 4585 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4634 4634 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4653 4653 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4702 4702 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4636 4636 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 172 190 238 398 431 384 4704 4704 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4648 4648 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6881 8004 13491 14711 15804 241389 241657