Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4581 4581 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4644 4644 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4581 4581 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4646 4646 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4646 4646 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4646 4646 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4694 4694 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4694 4694 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4694 4694 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4706 4706 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4595 4595 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4644 4644 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4644 4644 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4646 4646 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4646 4646 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4646 4646 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4596 4596 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4647 4647 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4597 4597 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4653 4653 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4653 4653 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 232 321 355 366 4723 4723 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4590 4590 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4604 4604 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4676 4676 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4660 4660 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4653 4653 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4604 4604 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4653 4653 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4670 4670 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4597 4597 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4716 4716 date | wc -l 33 155 183 227 318 352 363 4581 4716 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4667 4667 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4667 4667 command echo a | wc -l 36 155 183 226 318 380 363 4716 4716 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4581 4716 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 369 4716 4716 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4686 4686 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4668 4668 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4671 4670 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 159 185 241 350 383 376 4719 4719 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4668 4668 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 171 272 293 327 4668 4668 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4669 4669 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 196 238 4596 4596 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4645 4645 date & wait 48 117 139 177 287 307 330 4664 4664 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 238 344 377 379 4713 4713 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4647 4647 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4715 4715 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4659 4659 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5561 6881 8010 13491 14697 15803 241961 242230