Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4587 4587 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4650 4650 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4587 4587 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4652 4652 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4652 4652 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4652 4652 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4700 4700 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4700 4700 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4700 4700 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4712 4712 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4601 4601 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4650 4650 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4650 4650 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4652 4652 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4652 4652 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4652 4652 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4602 4602 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4653 4653 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4603 4603 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4659 4659 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4659 4659 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4729 4729 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4596 4596 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4610 4610 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4682 4682 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4666 4666 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4659 4659 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4610 4610 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4659 4659 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4676 4676 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4603 4603 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4722 4722 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4587 4722 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4673 4673 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4673 4673 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4722 4722 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4587 4722 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4722 4722 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4692 4692 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4674 4674 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4676 4676 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4724 4725 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4674 4674 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4674 4674 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4675 4675 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4602 4602 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4651 4651 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4670 4670 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4719 4719 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4653 4653 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4721 4721 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4665 4665 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6881 8003 13491 14711 15805 242271 242542