Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4572 4572 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4638 4638 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4572 4572 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4640 4640 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4640 4640 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4640 4640 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4691 4691 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4691 4691 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4691 4691 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4703 4703 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4589 4589 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4638 4638 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4638 4638 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4640 4640 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4640 4640 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4640 4640 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4590 4590 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4641 4641 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4591 4591 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4647 4647 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4647 4647 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4720 4720 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4581 4581 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4598 4598 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4673 4673 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4657 4657 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4645 4645 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4596 4596 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4645 4645 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4665 4665 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4591 4591 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4713 4713 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4572 4713 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4664 4664 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4664 4664 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4713 4713 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4572 4713 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4713 4713 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4681 4681 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4666 4665 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4667 4667 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4715 4716 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4665 4665 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4665 4665 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4666 4666 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4588 4588 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4637 4637 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4656 4656 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 171 189 238 344 377 379 4705 4705 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4639 4639 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4707 4707 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4654 4654 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6881 8003 13491 14711 15805 241672 241954