Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4570 4570 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4636 4636 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4570 4570 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4638 4638 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4638 4638 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4638 4638 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4689 4689 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4689 4689 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4689 4689 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4701 4701 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4587 4587 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4636 4636 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4636 4636 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4638 4638 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4638 4638 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4638 4638 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4588 4588 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4639 4639 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4589 4589 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4645 4645 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4645 4645 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4718 4718 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4579 4579 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4596 4596 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4671 4671 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4655 4655 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4643 4643 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4594 4594 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4643 4643 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4663 4663 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4589 4589 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4711 4711 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4570 4711 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4662 4662 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4662 4662 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4711 4711 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4570 4711 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4711 4711 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4679 4679 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4664 4663 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4665 4665 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4713 4713 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4663 4664 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4663 4663 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4664 4664 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4586 4586 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4635 4635 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4654 4654 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 170 189 237 344 377 379 4703 4703 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4637 4637 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 194 238 398 431 384 4705 4705 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4652 4652 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6885 8003 13491 14711 15804 241568 241850